Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities (EJPAU) founded by all Polish Agriculture Universities presents original papers and review articles relevant to all aspects of agricultural sciences. It is target for persons working both in science and industry,regulatory agencies or teaching in agricultural sector. Covered by IFIS Publishing (Food Science and Technology Abstracts), ELSEVIER Science - Food Science and Technology Program, CAS USA (Chemical Abstracts), CABI Publishing UK and ALPSP (Association of Learned and Professional Society Publisher - full membership). Presented in the Master List of Thomson ISI.
2005
Volume 8
Issue 4
Topic:
Veterinary Medicine
ELECTRONIC
JOURNAL OF
POLISH
AGRICULTURAL
UNIVERSITIES
Wiliczkiewicz A. , Orda J. , Jamroz D. , Skorupińska J. 2005. EFFECT OF NON STARCH POLYSACCHARIDES OF CEREAL GRAINS ON DIGESTIBILITY AND INTESTINAL MICROFLORA OF CHICKENS AND GEESE, EJPAU 8(4), #40.
Available Online: http://www.ejpau.media.pl/volume8/issue4/abs-40.html

EFFECT OF NON STARCH POLYSACCHARIDES OF CEREAL GRAINS ON DIGESTIBILITY AND INTESTINAL MICROFLORA OF CHICKENS AND GEESE

Andrzej Wiliczkiewicz1, Janusz Orda2, Dorota Jamroz3, Jolanta Skorupińska1
1 Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Quality, Wroc³aw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
2 Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wroc³aw University of Environmental and Life Science, Poland
3 Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management, Wroc³aw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroc³aw, Poland

 

ABSTRACT



The examination was conducted on adult cocks and ganders. They were fed with concentrates of a diversified level of structural carbohydrates fractions. It was obtained by applying different cereal grain types as a diet base: maize, wheat, barley, oat and rye. The diets based on oat and barley included more dietary fibre and cellulose complex components. The authors compared the influence of various cereal grain types (maize, wheat, barley, oat and rye) on the content of dry matter and structural carbohydrates fraction (crude fibre, NDF [Neutral Detergent Fibre], ADF [Acid Detergent Fibre] and hemicelluloses) in ileum and colon content as well as their digestibility in chickens and geese. Besides, the influence of the mentioned grains on the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and pH value of these birds’ intestinal content as well as the composition of microflora in the analysed alimentary tract segments were examined. The general number of aerobic bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae as well as yeast and moulds were considered.

The digestibility of dry matter was not dependent on bird species or the type of diet. The fractions of structural carbohydrates were degraded by cocks to a higher degree than by ganders. On the other hand, the number of aerobic bacteria in ileum and colon was similar in both species of birds (8.7 and 9.2 log cfu×g-1). No differences were found with regard to SCFA concentration in ileum content between the investigated species, and the cereal grain type did not affect their level. SCFA concentration in colon content was lower when the birds (independently of species) were fed with diets including wheat or maize when compared to the groups receiving other mixtures. It was found that pH reaction in the examined alimentary tract segment content was higher in cocks than in ganders.

The number of aerobic bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae and gram-negative bacteria was positively correlated with SCFA concentration. On the other hand, pH reaction of intestinal content was negatively correlated with the number of all examined types of bacteria. A positive dependence was found between the number of yeasts and moulds and pH value of the birds’ intestinal content.

Key words: non-starch polysaccharides, cereal grains, chickens, geese, bacteria, yeasts and moulds.


Andrzej Wiliczkiewicz
Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Quality,
Wroc³aw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
Che³monskiego 38D, 51-630 Wroc³aw, Poland
phone: (0-71) 320 58 35
email: wiliczkiewicz@op.pl

Janusz Orda
Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wroc³aw University of Environmental and Life Science, Poland
Che³mońskiego 38 C
51-630 Wroc³aw, Poland
Phone +48 71 32-05-837
fax: +48 71 32-05-845

Dorota Jamroz
Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management,
Wroc³aw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroc³aw, Poland
Che³mońskiego 38 C, 51-631 Wroc³aw, Poland
phone: +48 71 3205 828
fax: +48 71 3205 965
email: dorota.jamroz@up.wroc.pl

Jolanta Skorupińska
Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Quality,
Wroc³aw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
Che³monskiego 38D, 51-630 Wroc³aw, Poland
phone: (0-71) 320 58 35

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