EJPAU 2007. Ługowska K. THE EFFECT OF CADMIUM AND CADMIUM/COPPER MIXTURE DURING THE EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT ON DEFORMED COMMON CARP LARVAE

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities (EJPAU) founded by all Polish Agriculture Universities presents original papers and review articles relevant to all aspects of agricultural sciences. It is target for persons working both in science and industry,regulatory agencies or teaching in agricultural sector. Covered by IFIS Publishing (Food Science and Technology Abstracts), ELSEVIER Science - Food Science and Technology Program, CAS USA (Chemical Abstracts), CABI Publishing UK and ALPSP (Association of Learned and Professional Society Publisher - full membership). Presented in the Master List of Thomson ISI.

2007
Volume 10
Issue 4

Topic:

Fisheries

ELECTRONIC
JOURNAL OF
POLISH
AGRICULTURAL
UNIVERSITIES

Ługowska K. 2007. THE EFFECT OF CADMIUM AND CADMIUM/COPPER MIXTURE DURING THE EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT ON DEFORMED COMMON CARP LARVAE, EJPAU 10(4), #11.
Available Online: http://www.ejpau.media.pl/volume10/issue4/abs-11.html

THE EFFECT OF CADMIUM AND CADMIUM/COPPER MIXTURE DURING THE EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT ON DEFORMED COMMON CARP LARVAE

Katarzyna Ługowska
Department of Animal Physiology, University of Podlasie, Poland

ABSTRACT

The aim of present study was to estimate the effect of single and binary combinations of cadmium with copper during the embryonic development on hatching success and quality of common carp larvae. The results were compared to those obtained after copper exposure, during the same experiment Witeska and Ługowska [27]. The study was done on common carp newly hatched larvae, the embryonic development of which took place at 0.2 mg·dm^-3 of cadmium (Cd group) and 0.2 (0.1 + 0.1) mg·dm^-3 mixture of cadmium and copper (CdCu group), or in clean tap water (control – K group). Newly hatched larvae were counted and inspected, and for 20 days from hatching reared under control conditions. The results show that cadmium (0.2 mg·l^-1) decreased the success of hatching and caused an increase of number of deformed larvae among the newly hatched ones. The results obtained in the same experiment after copper exposure (Cu 0.2 mg·l^-1) [27] indicate that toxic effect of this metal on hatching and quality of larvae was stronger than after cadmium exposure. Copper is more toxic than cadmium in the same concentration. No differences in effect of cadmium exposure (0.2 mg·l ^-1) and it’s co-exposure with more toxic copper (0.1Cd + 0.1Cu) on hatchability and fre-quency of deformations were observed. These results indicate metal interactions, which in this case probably was antagonistic. Metal exposure decreased survival of fed and starved normal and deformed larvae. Fish died gradually just after hatching. The comparison of effect of cadmium and Cd+Cu mixture shows that the mixture of both metals was more toxic than cadmium alone, but not stronger than copper alone. These data suggest that effect of metal mixture can be additive. Detailed classification of deformed larvae in the present study showed that cadmium alone and in co-exposure with copper caused the same types of larval deformations: vertebral curvatures, body and yolk sac deformations. Under optimal conditions in laboratory culture, vertebral deformations may recover.

Key words: cadmium, deformations, embryonic development, fish, metal mixture.

Katarzyna Ługowska
Department of Animal Physiology,
University of Podlasie, Poland
Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
Phone: 48 256 431 230
email: kongo@ap.siedlce.pl

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