EJPAU, 2000, Volume 3, Issue 2

No /
Available Online
Discipline
Sort By:
Date - Discipline - Title
Abstracts:
Hide Abstracts
Title
Autors
3(2) #02
01 Sep 2000
Fisheries
citation  abstract  html pdf 

The study involved analysis, performed with standard methods, of length and weight growth of 202 perch individuals caught in November 1999 from the Szczecin Lagoon. The verge coefficient was factored in both when determining the age distribution and when analysing length and weight growth by calculating mean values in age groups (when Kr > 0.50, the number of annual rings was increased by 1).

3(2) #04
01 Sep 2000
Animal Husbandry
citation  abstract  html pdf 
The aim of this research is to analyse the changeability of features in chinchillas (Chinchilla veligera M.) according to the animals' country of origin, sex and the year of evaluation. The research was based on the data taken from the breeding farm within the four-year period (1995-1998). In 1998 there were about 60 females of the basic herd. The breeding was conducted in polygamous system (1 male and 4 females).
3(2) #02
01 Sep 2000
Horticulture
citation  abstract  html pdf 

The subject of studies conducted in the years 1995-1997 was the occurrence of aphids on the shrubs of common juniper and wild rose. The studies were carried out in the city green area in a street site (A) and a park site (B). The presence of four aphid species on wild rose shrubs and one species on common juniper shrubs was established. Aphids appeared in the greatest numbers in 1995, while the lowest number was observed on rose shrubs in 1996 and on juniper shrubs in 1997. It was found out that aphids were more numerous in area A, exceptionally in 1995 the number of Maculolachnus submacula Walk. was slightly higher than in area B. The weather in spring and summer affected the increase of the population of all aphid species. After an early and warm spring with rainfalls within the norm the appearance of aphids was more numerous. A delayed vegetative period, high temperatures (over 30°C), dry periods and stormy rainfalls limited the number of aphids.

3(2) #01
01 Sep 2000
Horticulture
citation  abstract  html pdf 

The studies conducted in the years 1997-1999 concerned the soil after cultivation of rye, winter wheat, triticale and potato. The purpose of the studies was to determine the composition of bacteria and fungi communities in the soil after the cultivation of these plant species.

3(2) #03
01 Sep 2000
Agricultural Engineering
citation  abstract  html pdf 

The state of knowledge about eggplant and the methods of its storage is the subject of the paper. In the experimental part, the effect of freezing treatment on eggplant fruits was investigated and the range of its cryoscopic temperature was determined.

3(2) #01
01 Sep 2000
Food Science and Technology
citation  abstract  html pdf 

The aim of the work was to determine the effect of sugar, pectin, and L-ascorbic acid added to strawberries on the selected physico-chemicaI and organoleptic traits of the frozen product. Powdered sugar at a dose of 10 g per 100 g of fruit or as the 60% syrup was used without any other substance or with an addition of pectin or ascorbic acid. The pectin preparation in a 1,5% solution at a dose of 10 g per 100 g of fruit was used with or without the ascorbic acid.

3(2) #02
01 Sep 2000
Agricultural Engineering
citation  abstract  html pdf 

The paper presents the results of studies on ultrasound processing of meat after slaughter on the changes of texture properties after freezing and thawing. The studies were carried out on M.semimembranosus of young slaughter cattle with a liveweight of 450-500 kg. The samples were processed with ultrasounds of the frequency of 25 kHz and intensity of 2 W/cm2. After slaughter they were chilled, frozen and thawed. The parameters of texture (hardness, cohesiveness, elasticity) of thermally treated meat were measured by TPA test (50% deformation, 10 mm/min). Texture tests were conducted with the use of Instron device model 4302.

3(2) #03
01 Sep 2000
Animal Husbandry
citation  abstract  html pdf 
From the second week after calving to the 120th day of lactation a mineral-fat (PMT) supplement was used in feeding high yield cows; group I - 1.1 kg, group II - 0.8 kg daily per animal. In the first four months of lactation, a statistically significant higher daily milk yield was noted from cows from the experiment groups as related to those from the control group (ca. 1.5 kg daily). In the group where the dose of the supplement was lower, the amount of lactose and fat in milk was significantly higher (0.29%). This resulted in a higher FCM milk yield (ca. 2.60 kg daily). No significant influence of PMT on other milk components, its technological parameters, content of fatty acids nor the biochemical parameters of the serum of the cows was noted. The analysis of yield and the parameters of milk and blood indicates that the amount of PMT in the daily feed doses should not exceed 0.8 kg per animal.
3(2) #03
01 Sep 2000
Fisheries
citation  abstract  html pdf 

The feeding experiment described was run within July 19 – October 18, 1999 on 536 g (±20 g) mean individual weight carp individuals aged 1+. The fish were kept in cages stocked at a 50 ind. cage–1 density. Experimental treatments differed in the feed offered. The following feeds were used: Dan–ex 1848 (Dan), Carp Grow–ex (Grow), and AT 35 Starter (AT 35). The daily feed doses, amounting to 2.0% metabolic fish weight (W0.8) in each experimental treatment, were applied manually. During the first phase of the experiment (19 July – 13 September), the metabolic growth rate (MGR) values were 17.40; 15.73; and 13.19 g kg–0.8 in the Dan, Grow, and AT 35 treatments, respectively, the respective food conversion ration (FCR) being 1.15; 1.27; and 1.52. During the second phase of the experiment (14 September – 18 October), the respective MGR values amounted to 15.17; 15.77; and 13.24 g kg–0.8, while the corresponding FCR values were 1.32; 1.27; and 1.51. On t

3(2) #05
01 Sep 2000
Horticulture
citation  abstract  html pdf 

The purpose of the studies was to determine the quantity and quality of the yield of aboveground parts (false stem and leaves) of winter garlic in the cultivation for bunch yield. The content of dry weight (10.37-12.10%), total carbohydrates (21.64-24.19%), L-ascorbic acid (7.32-9.17 mg %), chlorophyll (0.025-1.532 mg per one kilo) and raw fibre (0.86-1.10%) was determined. In both years of the studies the plants were gathered 30 and 60 days after emergence.

3(2) #04
01 Sep 2000
Food Science and Technology
citation  abstract  html pdf 

Ethanol producing bacteria Zymomonas mobilis (strain 3881 and 3883) were used in batch and continuous fermentation as free cells as well as immobilized in alginate beads. Continuous fermentation helped to increase the productivity of fermentors significantly and continuous fermentation with immobilized in alginate cells gave as high productivities as 49,5 g/dm3*h.

3(2) #01
01 Sep 2000
Agronomy
citation  abstract  html pdf 
Genetically modified (GM) sugar beets offer several advantages for growers, food industry, consumers and for the agricultural environment. Transgenic beets tolerant to total herbicides (tHT) are discussed and their advantages, based on field experiments, are presented along with prospects, limits and putative risks.

3(2) #01
01 Sep 2000
Environmental Development
citation  abstract  html pdf 

The results of flow experiments for several kinds of ash are presented. The experiments were carried out on the two laboratory stands at the Institute of Environmental Engineering, Agricultural University of Wroclaw. The pressure drop, limit deposit velocity, mixture density distribution in a cross-section of pipeline and pump characteristics are measured during these experiments. The measurements of density distribution were carried out by means of a device based on radiometric scanning, which enables us to determine these parameters without causing disturbances in the flow. The problem of limit concentration between Newtonian and non-Newtonian behaviour of mixtures is also discussed.

The results of investigations into parameters of hydrotransport of ash and brine mixture in pipelines (80 and 100 mm) are presented. The investigations were carried out on the test laboratory installation at the Silesian Technical University of Gliwice. The results can be used for the design

3(2) #02
01 Sep 2000
Agronomy
citation  abstract  html pdf 
The results of 8-year field experiment helped to analyse the impact of weather conditions on biometric and structural characteristics and on ‘Juno’ yellow lupin yielding. Over 1989-1996-vegetation period there was recorded a large weather conditions variation; the coefficient of temperature variation amounted to 16% and of rainfall –about 49%. The relationship between temperature and rainfall and biometric and structural characteristics as well as seed yielding was defined with statistical regression method. It was observed that temperature had a greater effect in initial and final growth and development phases, while rainfall – over vegetation.
3(2) #03
01 Sep 2000
Agronomy
citation  abstract  html pdf 

The research defined the effectiveness of corn fertilisation with nitrogen depending on its content in soil and covered N uptake, agronomical and physiological fertilisation efficiency as well as coefficients of nitrogen-fertliser utilisation. Spring and autumn doses were defined which were applied to balance N fertilisation and uptake by plants as well as the degree of N utilisation from the same doses applied in autumn and spring. As for the plant dry matter yield, the agronomical and physiological efficiency of all the spring N doses at 160 and 240 kg×ha-1 introduced into the soil in autumn were negative, and the coefficient of nitrogen utilisation against other fertilisers did not exceed 7.4%.

3(2) #07
01 Sep 2000
Food Science and Technology
citation  abstract  html pdf 

The following paper includes the results of research, concerning the occurrence of Listeria spp in salted herring and herring salads. 100 samples of traditionally and vacuum packed herring and 40 herring salads were examined. It was established that 6.6% of the samples were contaminated with these microorganisms. 4 strains of Listeria innocua and 5 strains of L. monocytogenes were isolated. Listeria was not found in the herring salads, which was explained by the low, <4 pH of the product. Moreover, the ability of Listeria monocytogenes to develop in the environment of salted herring was determined. It was established that the pathogenic microorganisms multiplies in the herring, stored at the room temperature. At 10°C the development of Listeria is totally inhibited. Sodium benzoate has little influence on the development of Listeria because it merely delays the beginning, of the logarithmic phase of the bacteria development by 2 days.

3(2) #01
01 Sep 2000
Fisheries
citation  abstract  html pdf 

Malformations were observed also in control fish but they were scarce (< 10%).

3(2) #01
01 Sep 2000
Agricultural Engineering
citation  abstract  html pdf 
As a result of plant tissue deformation irreversible physical processes that finally lead to the state of resistance, take place. One of these irreversible processes is cracking of the cell structure that occurs through cell wall breaking and losing cohesion in the layer of pectin lamella. As a result of these phenomena a signal of acoustic emission is emitted. In the present study the method of acoustic emission and its application in studying the processes of plant tissue cracking are described.
3(2) #03
01 Sep 2000
Horticulture
citation  abstract  html pdf 

The subject of studies conducted in the years 1994-1996 were observations on the occurrence of Aphis spiraephaga Müll. on three spirea species: Spiraea vanhouttei Zabel., S. arguta Zabel. and S. salicifolia L. Aphids were most numerous on the examined shrubs in 1995, while their lowest numbers were observed in 1994. It was also found out that these aphids colonised the shrubs of S. vanhouttei in the highest degree, being rare on S. salicifolia. The effect of weather (heat, drought, showers of rain) on the number and dynamics of the aphid population concerning the place and period of feeding was greater on S. vanhouttei and S. arguta as compared with S. salicifolia. The damage caused by the feeding of that aphid was often reduced by the plant itself, because those shrubs grew intensively, after the aphids flew away. Newly appearing leaves were not deformed. Another factor which significantly lowered the ornamental value of the sh

3(2) #05
01 Sep 2000
Agricultural Engineering
citation  abstract  html pdf 

The reconstitutional properties of mushroom fruitbodies dried convectionally and sublimatically were analysed. The fruitbodies of nameko (Pholiota nameko) and shiitake (Lentinus edodes) which differ in the structure, chemical composition and growth rate were examined. It was found that the most important influence on the rehydration rapidity (time of rehydration) was exterted by the method of drying. The differences between these two species of mushrooms were also distinctive and dependent on individual features of raw substrate and was closely connected with the examinated mushroom species.

3(2) #02
01 Sep 2000
Animal Husbandry
citation  abstract  html pdf 

Black-White cows imported from Holland are characterized by the correct body build. For the 305 days of lactation milk yield averaged 7795 kg with 4,41% fat and 3,35% protein content The average milk yield as FCM per 100 kg of body weight was 1294 kg. Ratio of milk, fat and protein yield obtained at first 100 days of lactation was respectively: 36,2; 36,7 and 33,8% as compared to the 305 days lactation Indices: the ratio of protein to fat content (SBT), the difference between fat and protein content in milk (RTB) and the Sanders index were respectively: 0,77; 1,06 and 254. Phenotypic correlation coefficients between milk performance traits and body measurements were low in values and quite often negative. The only strong relation for the 305 days of lactation was reported between milk protein content and the depth of chest (r = - 0,39; P 0,01).

3(2) #01
01 Sep 2000
Animal Husbandry
citation  abstract  html pdf 

Associations between performance of milk production and udder dimensions of 54 cows imported from Holland and kept in OHZ Kamieniec Ząbkowicki are described. Udder build of analysed animals scored very good but teats were slightly too short. Correlation coefficients between milk production performance traits and indices of udder dimensions were low and statistically insignificant.

3(2) #01
01 Sep 2000
Veterinary Medicine
citation  abstract  html pdf 

During the conducted experiments the authors aimed at an explanation of pathogenesis of diarrheal disease of horses, called Colitis X. The effort of finding the most effective therapy and prevention of the disease was also undertaken.

3(2) #04
01 Sep 2000
Horticulture
citation  abstract  html pdf 

During one year, an average of 150 cut chrysanthemums are obtained from 1 m2 of the glasshouse cultivation area, usually from three cultivation cycles together. Determination of optimum lighting conditions and vegetation temperature for chrysanthemums can make it possible to shorten a cultivation cycle, which will have a considerable effect on the improvement of production profitability.

3(2) #06
01 Sep 2000
Food Science and Technology
citation  abstract  html pdf 

The work on improving nutritional value of bread by addition pulses of legume plants was described. To white, wheat bread the whole as well as milled pulses of Lathyrus sativus (grass-pea), Cicer arietinum (chick-pea) and Lens culinaris (lentils) were added at different levels. The milled pulses decreased bread’s quality even at lower doses. Addition of 20% whole pulses of described above legume plants increased nutritional value of wheat breads and only slightly decreased its quality. According to opinion of consumers about healthy food, the improvers were not used in this work.

3(2) #04
01 Sep 2000
Agricultural Engineering
citation  abstract  html pdf 

The qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the content of volatile aroma compounds in the fruit bodies of two species of edible mushrooms: oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus) and nameko (Pholiota nameko) was performed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrophotometry. Both examined species of fungi differed from each other in the amounts of the main volatile substances. The most important components determining the aroma of these mushrooms were octen-1,3-ol and octanal. It was also shown that the retention of these substances was effected by the method of sample preparation for the analyses and the method of liophilization. The sublimatic drying enabled the retention of 50% of aroma compounds in oyster fruit bodies and 39.2% in nameko fruitbodies. Freezing of fruit bodies after harvesting enabled the retention of 63.5% of aroma compounds in oyster fruit bodies and 75% in nameko fruitbodies.

3(2) #02
01 Sep 2000
Food Science and Technology
citation  abstract  html pdf 

The aim of the research was to compare the work of knives of different construction with shear edge in shape of circle segment. Experiments were conducted under semi-technical conditions by the use of chopper with the capacity of bowl equal to 10 dm3. On knife shaft of the chopper were assembled each time three knives coded with symbols S I, SII, S III and S IV. The technological effect of the work of knives was evaluated based on assessment of the quality of meat batters and sausages. The best quality of meat batter and sausages was achieved during comminution with knife S II, while the worst one effect was observed by the use of knife S IV. The experiments have shown that about quality of shear and shear and friction resistance during meat comminution with knives of different construction of shear edge decide mostly: shear angle, friction surface of knife and length of shear edge.

3(2) #03
01 Sep 2000
Food Science and Technology
citation  abstract  html pdf 

Investigations have been done on 18 carcasses of wild boars including their cutting to main elements and detailed dissection of received parts of carcasses. It was found that the bigest element of wild boars carcass is a ham. High participation of neck shoulder and low participation of jowl is also characteristic. In comparison to the hog carcass the estimation of tissue composition showed not large quantity of adipose tissue and considerably higher mass of bones. Most valuable elements of wild boars carcass were ham and shoulder blade. The work confirms high useability of wild boars carcasses.

3(2) #05
01 Sep 2000
Food Science and Technology
citation  abstract  html pdf 

In the work an isolate of connective tissue (collagen) was used as a carrier of potassium iodide to increase the retention of iodine introduced into dishes made from turkey meat. Two kinds of dishes, it means cooked meat balls and fried meat balls which after thermal treatment were kept under chilling and frozen conditions were took into account. The selected variants of the thermal treatment have shown, that the cooking resulted in higher losses of iodine as the frying process. After the thermal treatment, almost 40% higher content of iodine in fried meat balls in comparison to its content in cooked meat balls was found. Type of iodine carrier, that is collagen isolate or NaCl, did not influenced in essential way on the range of losses of this element during thermal treatment. However the storage of both types of dishes has shown, that collagen isolate impregnated with potassium iodide garantees about 30% greater retention of iodine in dishes than the use of iodized table salt.

3(2) #04
01 Sep 2000
Agronomy
citation  abstract  html pdf 

The research draws on 1970-1998 decade rainfall, maximum, minimum and average air temperature, relative air humidity recorded at 1 p.m. and insolation; all of them reported by 6 Meteorological Office (IMGW) stations and by one agricultural meteorological station and on spring wheat yielding reports provided by Provincial Statistical Office (WUS). Multiple regression was used to define the relationship between yield and weather components over respective periods. The regression equations developed for the Zachodnie Pomorze Province can be applied to forecast spring wheat yielding. Preliminary forecasts are available late in May, whereas precise forecasts late in June and July.


Legend:  Citation Citation Information     Abstract View Abstract     Article (HTML) View Article (HTML)     Article (PDF) View Article (PDF)