EJPAU 2015. Shekari F. , Mohammadi H. , Pourmohammad A. , Avanes A. , Khorshidi Benam M. SPRING WHEAT YIELDING AND THE CONTENT OF PROTEIN AND ZINC IN ITS GRAIN DEPENDING ON ZINC FERTILISATION

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities (EJPAU) founded by all Polish Agriculture Universities presents original papers and review articles relevant to all aspects of agricultural sciences. It is target for persons working both in science and industry,regulatory agencies or teaching in agricultural sector. Covered by IFIS Publishing (Food Science and Technology Abstracts), ELSEVIER Science - Food Science and Technology Program, CAS USA (Chemical Abstracts), CABI Publishing UK and ALPSP (Association of Learned and Professional Society Publisher - full membership). Presented in the Master List of Thomson ISI.

2015
Volume 18
Issue 1/volume18

Topic:

Agronomy

ELECTRONIC
JOURNAL OF
POLISH
AGRICULTURAL
UNIVERSITIES

Shekari F. , Mohammadi H. , Pourmohammad A. , Avanes A. , Khorshidi Benam M. 2015. SPRING WHEAT YIELDING AND THE CONTENT OF PROTEIN AND ZINC IN ITS GRAIN DEPENDING ON ZINC FERTILISATION, EJPAU 18(1/volume18), #08.
Available Online: http://www.ejpau.media.pl/volume18/issue1/volume18/abs-08.html

SPRING WHEAT YIELDING AND THE CONTENT OF PROTEIN AND ZINC IN ITS GRAIN DEPENDING ON ZINC FERTILISATION

Fariborz Shekari¹, Hossnieh Mohammadi¹, Alireza Pourmohammad¹, Armen Avanes², Mohammad Bagher Khorshidi Benam³
¹ Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agriculture Faculty, University of Maragheh, Iran
² Dept. of Chemistry, Basic Sciences Faculty, University of Maragheh, Iran
³ East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources research Centre, Iran

ABSTRACT

In crops, Zinc deficiency is an important problem, causing decreased crop
production and food quality. Cereals have significant role in satisfying daily
calorie intake, but they very low in Zn contents in grain specially when grown
on Zn-deficit alkali soils of Iran. Amendment in seed zinc content through agronomic
biofortification is one of the most important agronomic strategies to overcome
Zn deficiency in human. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Zn
application on yield, yield components, seed zinc and protein content as randomized
complete block design based factorial with three replications. Three spring wheat
cultivars (Darya, Tadjan and N-80-19) with five fertilizer levels including;
0 (control), 25 kg ha^-1 (soil application of zinc sulfate in planting
time), 0.5% zinc sulfate (spraying in booting stage), 0.5% zinc sulfate (spraying
in booting and milk stages) and 0.5% zinc sulfate (spraying in milky and dough
stages), were used. The results showed that there were significant difference
among cultivars in seed number per spike, max seed number per spikelet, biomass,
seed protein and Zn content, thousand kernels weight and yield. Zinc application
showed significant effect on spike number per m^-2, maximum seed number
per spikelet, biomass, seed protein and Zn content, and yield. Interaction effect
of zinc on cultivar was only significant on seed protein and Zn content (P≤0.01).
Zinc sulfate application at the planting time had the most significant effect
on number of spikes number per m2. Zinc foliar application had no significant
impact and there was no difference between those treatments and control. Number
of seed per spike was the highest in Darya with zinc application at planting
time. Darya showed highest seed number per spikelet with significant difference
with N-80-19 and Tadjan. Only Zn application at boot stage had no effect on maximum
seed number per spikelet and soil application and dual application of Zn increased
significantly maximum seed number per spikelet. The highest 1000 kernel weight
was belonged to Tadjan and N-80-19 cultivars, but, there was no significant difference
with diverse zinc applications. This may be explained by the highest number of
seeds with “Darya” spikes
and with reverse relationships between 1000 kernel weight and seed number per
spikes. Zinc application had no considerable effect on 1000 kernel weight. Zinc
application significantly influenced total yield of plants. Highest seed yield
was recorded with zinc sulfate application at the planting time and with Darya
and Tadjan cultivars. Considering, soil based application of Zn surely affects
the quality and protein content of grains. Interaction effects of variety and
zinc application were significant (P≤0.01) on grain protein content. Zinc
application during milky and dough stages led to the highest Zn accumulation
with Darya. Furthermore, the highest protein accumulation was traced at Tadjan
with the soil application of zinc sulfate. Further experiments at diverse
environments are needed to explore the different responses of varieties to Zn
different types and times of application. According to ours, the highest seed
yield and protein content were belonged to soil based application of Zn treatments,
however, based on Zn biofortification, foliar spray of Zn treatments during the
milky and dough stages had the most promising effects. These results showed that
agronomic biofertification method appear to be essential in maintaining adequate
Zn transport to the grains specially during reproductive growth stage.

Key words: ZnSO₄, TKW (thousand kernels weight), seed zinc, seed protein, zinc application stages.

Fariborz Shekari
Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agriculture Faculty, University of Maragheh, Iran
Maragheh 55181
Iran
email: shekari_fb@yahoo.com

Hossnieh Mohammadi
Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agriculture Faculty, University of Maragheh, Iran
Maragheh 55181
Iran

Alireza Pourmohammad
Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agriculture Faculty, University of Maragheh, Iran
Maragheh 55181
Iran

Armen Avanes
Dept. of Chemistry, Basic Sciences Faculty, University of Maragheh, Iran
Maragheh 55181
Iran

Mohammad Bagher Khorshidi Benam
East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources research Centre, Iran
Tabriz
Iran
email: mb.khorshidi@yahoo.com

Responses to this article, comments are invited and should be submitted within three months of the publication of the article. If accepted for publication, they will be published in the chapter headed 'Discussions' and hyperlinked to the article.