EJPAU, 2013, Volume 16, Issue 4

No /
Available Online
Discipline
Sort By:
Date - Discipline - Title
Abstracts:
Hide Abstracts
Title
Autors
16(4) #02
14 Oct 2013
Animal Husbandry
citation  abstract  html 

The aim of this study was to establish genetic characteristics of Chinchilla herds and compare them in relation to the polymorphism in the GHR gene. For the analysis sample of 545 standard Chinchillas was used, obtained from two farms with different breeding cycle. A screening test based on ACRS, AS-PCR, PCR-RFLP methods was designed for polymorphism detection. Analyzing polymorphisms statistically significant differences were found between herds in allele and genotype frequency. In the case of polymorphism 135G>C in the herd with closed breeding cycle, a presence of one allele was observed. It was also confirmed that herd with open breeding cycle was characterized by a higher coefficient of average heterozygosity.

16(4) #06
13 Dec 2013
Agronomy
citation  abstract  html 

Alpha-amylase activity was studied in the kernels of four wheat species, including 11 accessions of T. monococcum L., 11 accessions of T. dicoccum (Schrank)Schuebl., 4 accessions of T. spelta L. and 4 cultivars of T. aestivum L., after head inoculation with a spore suspension of Fusarium culmorum. Alpha-amylase activity was determined using the Ceralpha Method. This method is recommended for measuring the activity of alpha-amylase of both plant and microbial origin. Kernels from inoculated treatments showed increased levels of alpha-amylase activity in all tested species except for T. spelta in 2008. T. aestivum was characterized by the lowest alpha-amylase activity, both in non-inoculated (control) and inoculated treatments.

16(4) #12
27 Dec 2013
Food Science and Technology
citation  abstract  html 

Characteristics of thin layer microwave drying of apricot slices were evaluated in a laboratory scale microwave dryer. The drying experiments were carried out at 90, 270, 450, 630 and 900 W. Drying behaviors of apricot slices as well as the effect of drying conditions on moisture loss trend, drying rate, effective diffusion coefficient, color, shrinkage and energy consumption of apricot slices dried in microwave dryer are discussed in this study. Six mathematical models were used to predict the moisture ratio of the samples in thin layer drying. Results showed that the Midilli model had supremacy in prediction of apricot slices drying behavior. The maximum drying rate for various microwave power were 1.42 and 2.70 gwater/gdry matter.min. Effective moisture diffusivity was estimated in the range of 1.64×10-9 to 1.07×10-8 m2/s. Minimum total color difference (21.82) and shrinkage (53.03%) were achieved at microwave power 90 W. Energy consumption of the experiments was estimated to be in the range of 0.038 to 0.057 kWh and the model was proposed to determine appropriate microwave power for drying of apricot slices.

16(4) #10
20 Dec 2013
Horticulture
citation  abstract  html 

Experiments were carried out in the years 2004–2006 on seven heterosis cultivars of Pelargonium × hortorum. The aim of the research was to examine the influence of organic media, i.e. coconut fibre and peat substrate, on seed germination and growth of seedlings and also to examine the influence of flurprimidol on growth, conformation and flowering of plants. The seedlings at the stage of 2–3 leaves were transplanted to 10 cm pots in the same media – coconut substrate and peat substrate. Additional fertilization was carried out during plants cultivation. At the stage of 5–6 leaves plants were sprayed with flurprimidol at a concentration of 15 mg·dm-3 (Topflor 015 SL), twice, at a two-week interval.

Seeds of Pelargonium × hortorum F1 germinated slightly earlier and the percentage of germinated seeds was greater in coconut substrate than in peat substrate. The seedlings were also larger and greener in coconut substrate compared with peat substrate. Plants cultivated in coconut substrate flowered earlier than plants grown in peat substrate. The use of flurprimidol induced earlier flowering of the plants. Cultivar Multibloom Lavender was characterized by the shortest period from seeds sowing to plant flowering.

16(4) #09
19 Dec 2013
Horticulture
citation  abstract  html 

Studies were carried out in the years 2008–2009 on the area of the Experimental Station of Fruit Growing Department, University of Life Sciences in Poznań. The aim of the studies was an attempt to limit the negative effects of soil replantation disease in the growing of strawberries by using the biological preparation Polyversum WP and the mycorrhizal inoculation. Study results have confirmed the negative influence of replantation disease on the growth of strawberry root system. An improvement of plant root growth was obtained with the use of microbiological preparations. It refers particularly to the mycorrhizal inoculation which, when applied in conditions of replantation disease, has shown both a statistically proven increase of strawberry plant root length and the root neck diameter growth. A well developed root system treated with biological preparations has contributed to a better growth of the plant above ground parts. The surface area of strawberry leaf blades in combination with the application of Polyversum WP preparation and the mycorrhizal inoculation was higher than in plants grown on a replanted soil without the application of the mentioned preparation.

16(4) #01
02 Oct 2013
Veterinary Medicine
citation  abstract  html 

An animal model study was undertaken in order to determine the effect of modifying diet composition and its supplementation with calcium, magnesium, zinc and chromium on protein metabolism. The study was conducted on 36 female rats aged 5–6 months, kept in individual cages Group I received basal feed mixture, Groups II and III – modified feed mixture. For drinking the animals from Groups I and II received tap water, Group III – an aqueous solution of mineral components (270 mg Ca2+; 60 mg Mg2+; 3.96 mg Zn2+ and 0.726 mg Cr3+ per 1 kg of feed mixture).

Diet, in which whole grains of cereals were substituted for wheat flour and saccharose and supplemented with Ca, Mg, Zn and Cr, caused a reduced intake of feed and proteins, which could be the reason of lower protein content in muscles of the animals. Modification of diet composition affected the increase in the concentration of α1-globulins in blood, which might indicate an ongoing inflammatory process, whilst the supplementation with mineral components made no difference in this respect. The supplementation with Ca, Mg, Zn, Cr did not restore the values of selected markers of protein metabolism determined in plasma of the animals fed the modified feed mixtures to the levels noted in the animals receiving basal diet.

16(4) #04
02 Dec 2013
Food Science and Technology
citation  abstract  html 
As reported previously, meat from nutria fed diets rich in protein is characterised by an unfavourable fatty acid profile. In the present study we tried to improve health-promoting properties of nutria meat by modifying the fatty acid concentrations with dietary supplementation of 1% of linseed oil or 1% of apple seed oil. The intramuscular fat of nutrias fed the diet with apple seed oil was characterized by a higher level of polyunsaturated (PUFA) and essential fatty acids (EFA) but not monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio in meat of nutrias fed apple seed oil was most favourable for consumers, despite the similar content of C18:3 n-3 in ether extract in feed mixtures for nutria.
16(4) #11
27 Dec 2013
Horticulture
citation  abstract  html 
The aim of this paper was to determine the proximate, minerals and phytate compositions of selected mushroom samples (Lentinus subnudus (M1), Chlorophyllum molybdities (M2), Volvariella esculenta (M3), Coprinus atramentarius (M4), Pleurotus ostreatus (M5), Termitomyces microcarpus (M6) and Pleurotus pulmonarius (M7) using standard methods of analyses. The mean of some of the results are: Crude protein:  9.1±0.15 – 13.80±0.15%, Crude fibre: 4.15±0.02 – 7.08±0.59%, Na: 177±2.56 – 910±2.56 mg/100 g, P: 480±2.31 – 884±2.43 mg/100 g and I: 12.60±0.20 – 18.00±0.20 mg/100 g. Phytate phosphorus: 0.64±0.20 – 1.39±0.20 (mg/100 g). From the results obtained, it is deduced that the mushroom species under this study are good sources of protein, fibre and average in minerals. It is gratifying to note that the heavy metals are below the recommended levels.
16(4) #03
05 Nov 2013
Civil Engineering
citation  abstract  html 
Rheological characteristics of fly ash slurries were determined experimentally at higher concentrations. The pressure gradient was calculated using CFD modeling with input parameters obtained on the basis of rheological and other bench scale laboratory tests conducted on fly ash slurries. CFD modeling results are validated using experimental data collected in the present study on pilot plant test loop. Optimum design methodology for high concentration fly ash slurry disposal pipeline has been proposed on the basis of Specific Energy Consumption concept.
16(4) #07
13 Dec 2013
Agricultural Engineering
citation  abstract  html 
This study was conducted to investigate the physical properties of Jatropha curcas seed (JCS) found in North West Ecological Zone of Nigeria. The seed length, width, thickness, geometric mean diameter, sphericity, one thousand seed weight, surface area, unit volume, bulk volume, true density, bulk density, specific surface area, porosity, static angle of repose and coefficient of static friction were the parameters investigated at 7.5% moisture content dry basis. The obtained results range from 15.13–18.89 mm, 10.02–11.95 mm, 5.58–9.20 mm and 10.46–12.62 mm for length, width, thickness and geometric mean diameter, respectively. The unit volume, bulk volume, one thousand seed weight, true density, bulk density and porosity were found to be in the range of 79.00–85.00 cm3, 138.00–153.00 cm3, 535.30–611.90 g, 0.67–0.73 g cm-3, 0.37–0.42 g cm-3 and 38.41–45.70%, respectively. Sphericity, surface area, specific surface area and static angle of repose investigated were in the range of 56.15–72.37%, 3.44–5.01 cm2, 4.88–5.49 cm2 cm-3, and 23.03–28.66°, respectively. The coefficient of static friction against the surfaces examined was in the range of 0.235–0.244, 0.415–0.455, 0.450–0.465 and 0.361–0.375 for steel sheet, ply wood, rubber and aluminium, respectively. The properties will provide a data base for designing equipment for production, handling, processing and storage of the seeds.
16(4) #08
16 Dec 2013
Environmental Development
citation  abstract  html 

The aim of the study was to identify the effect of composts obtained from post-consumer wood on the dynamics of vegetative growth and greening of leaves of canna lily (Canna x generalis L.H. Bailey) ‘Tropical Yellow’.

Two types of composts, marked OPA and OPB, were used in the research. The composts differed in the additives of urea and macroelements at the stage of composting. The plants were cultivated on substrate consisting of the composts and  high-moor peat in the following volumetric combinations: compost 100%, compost 75% + peat 25%, compost 50% + peat 50%, compost 25% + peat 75%, and peat 100% (control). Each combination was used in 11 replications.

The composts from post-consumer wood differed from peat in the content of macronutrients, pH and salinity. The composts OPA and OPB were characterised by excessive content of nitrogen (546 and 733 mg∙dm-3), higher salinity (297 and 430 g NaCl∙dm-3) and a low pH in H2O (pH=3.6 and pH=3.7 respectively).The levels of macronutrients, pH and salinity of individual substrates were a derivative of the proportion of compost and peat within the substrates.

The research included determination of the plant height, the number of leaves and the greening index of leaves (SPAD). The analysis of the obtained results showed that the type of substrates and its properties had a significant effect on the vegetative growth and greening of leaves of canna lily. Higher doses of compost (100 and 75%) in the substrates inhibited the growth of plants compared to control plants, whereas lower doses (50 and 25%) gave results which were comparable to control plants.

16(4) #05
10 Dec 2013
Animal Husbandry
citation  abstract  html 

The aim of this study was to analyse the migration of Polish Konik horse herd in forest and meadow areas. Using GPS signals and an economic forest map, duration of stay of the horse herd in specific biotopes was calculated. Major reason for migration has been demonstrated to be fodder availability, variety and attractiveness. It was observed that duration of stay of the Polish Konik horse herd in a specific biotope has been affected to a greater extent by time of day than weather.


Legend:  Citation Citation Information     Abstract View Abstract     Article (HTML) View Article (HTML)     Article (PDF) View Article (PDF)